What is 'optical coherence tomography' (OCT)?

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is indeed an imaging technique that captures micrometer-resolution cross-sectional images of optical scattering media. This technology utilizes light waves to take cross-sectional pictures of biological tissues, particularly in the field of ophthalmology to visualize the retina and other ocular structures.

OCT operates on the principle of interferometry, where backscattered light is compared with a reference light beam. The high resolution achieved allows for detailed imaging of tissue microstructures, enabling physicians to detect and monitor diseases at an early stage due to the fine detail provided. This characteristic of imaging through optical scattering media, such as biological tissues, is what distinctly sets it apart as a vital tool in medical diagnostics.

The other options do not accurately describe OCT. While option A refers to capturing images of solid objects, it lacks the specificity and resolution typical of OCT's imaging of biological tissues. Option C's focus on measuring temperature does not align with OCT's optical imaging capabilities. Lastly, option D discusses enhancing visibility in low light, which does not relate to the concept of OCT, as it does not function by enhancing visibility in dim conditions but rather by providing high-resolution imaging of structures using coherent light.