What is the process of diffusion in semiconductors?

The process of diffusion in semiconductors refers to the movement of charge carriers, such as electrons and holes, from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. This movement occurs due to the natural tendency of particles to spread out and achieve a uniform distribution.

In the context of semiconductors, diffusion is crucial for the operation of devices like diodes and transistors, as it helps establish charge carrier distribution. When a region of a semiconductor has a higher concentration of charge carriers, there is a net movement of these carriers toward regions of lower concentration. This redistribution leads to the formation of a charge carrier concentration gradient which is essential for various semiconductor operations, including current flow.

The correct choice reflects this fundamental principle of diffusion, illustrating how charge carriers behave in semiconductor materials. Understanding this mechanism is foundational for analyzing semiconductor behavior in electronic applications.